Verified observance guide
Source-backedReviewed guideFixed AnnualHeightened editorial care

International Day of Banks

A/RES/74/245

Research briefVerified essentials at a glance
Source-backed
Date / rule4 December
Recurrence modelFixed Annual
Verified scopeUnited Nations / international observance
Last authority check2026-09-05

A/RES/74/245

This authority record treats the observance as a fixed annual date. The same month and day can be reused unless a stronger source changes the rule. Public-holiday or government status is never inferred from the observance name alone.

Next safely resolved occurrenceFriday, December 4, 2026Date guide →
Reviewed guide

Overview

International Day of Banks is observed on 4 December. The United Nations established the day to recognize the role of multilateral and international development banks, as well as national banking systems, in financing sustainable development and improving living standards.

The observance is about the development role of banking systems rather than a celebration of individual commercial banks or financial products.

Reviewed guide

Why it matters

Banks influence development through the allocation of capital, financing of infrastructure and businesses, access to financial services and the management of financial risks.

A useful observance therefore considers both the capacity of financial institutions to support long-term development and the need for resilient, inclusive and responsible financial systems.

Reviewed guide

History

Bahrain, Egypt, Kazakhstan and Nigeria submitted the draft resolution establishing the International Day of Banks, with a wider group of additional sponsors joining the initiative.

On 19 December 2019, the General Assembly adopted resolution A/RES/74/245 and designated 4 December as the International Day of Banks.

The reviewed first-party sources establish the annual date and institutional purpose but do not explicitly identify the first observance, so that field remains fail-closed.

Institutional timeline

How the observance developed

This timeline is assembled only from verified provenance fields. Missing stages are omitted rather than inferred.

  1. Origin / proposal

    Bahrain, Egypt, Kazakhstan and Nigeria

    The UN Digital Library identifies these four Member States as authors of draft resolution A/74/L.38.

  2. Establishment

    United Nations General Assembly

    UN General Assembly resolution A/RES/74/245

Institutional record

What the evidence establishes

Evidence & sources ↓

Verified institutional roles and milestones are shown first. Fields that the reviewed sources do not establish remain fail-closed and are available below without competing with the confirmed record.

Originator / proposerBahrain, Egypt, Kazakhstan and NigeriaThe UN Digital Library identifies these four Member States as authors of draft resolution A/74/L.38.
Proclaiming / establishing bodyUnited Nations General AssemblyThe General Assembly adopted A/RES/74/245 and designated 4 December as the International Day of Banks.
Original establishing instrument / decisionUN General Assembly resolution A/RES/74/245A/RES/74/245 is the establishing resolution.
Original instrument adoption / decision date19 December 2019The UN Digital Library records the resolution as adopted without a vote on 19 December 2019.
5 fields not established in reviewed sources
Current facilitator / coordinatorThe establishing resolution invites broad participation but does not designate one continuing central facilitator in the reviewed sources.
First observanceThe reviewed first-party sources establish the annual date but do not explicitly identify the first observance.
Former nameNo former official name is established in the reviewed first-party sources.
Former dateNo former official observance date is established in the reviewed first-party sources.
Why this exact date?The resolution designates 4 December, but the reviewed sources do not establish a separate historical reason for selecting that exact date.
Evidence hierarchyHigh confidence
3 Primary institutional / legal1 Official organizer
Open the consolidated evidence list ↓
Reviewed guide

Ways to observe

01

Learn how development banks differ from retail or commercial banks and what kinds of projects they finance.

02

Review how financial inclusion, consumer protection and responsible lending can affect whether financial systems improve living standards.

03

Explore how long-term infrastructure or climate-related projects are financed and how risk is shared among public and private institutions.

04

Use official development-finance sources rather than treating advertising claims from individual banks as evidence about development impact.

Reviewed guide

Useful facts

Fact 01

International Day of Banks is observed on 4 December.

Fact 02

The General Assembly adopted A/RES/74/245 on 19 December 2019.

Fact 03

Bahrain, Egypt, Kazakhstan and Nigeria were the named authors of the establishing draft resolution.

Fact 04

The resolution highlights development banks and national banking systems in relation to sustainable development.

Fact 05

The reviewed sources do not explicitly establish the first observance date.

Classification

Topic and context

Civic, Remembrance & History →
Accuracy controls

What this page does not assume

  • Keep the source-defined country, community, organizer or institutional scope; do not silently broaden it.
  • Do not treat the title alone as proof of government recognition or public-holiday status.
  • Do not add a creator, founding story or origin claim unless the supporting evidence establishes it.
  • Remembrance Civic Context Care.
Evidence

Evidence & sources

Source policy →

Repeated links from the authority record, institutional provenance and editorial guide research are consolidated here. Badges show how each source is used; a contextual source is never treated as proof of establishment on its own.

Questions & connections

Understand it, compare it, then explore further

Start with the most common factual questions, then use reviewed distinctions and related authority records to understand where this observance fits.

Reader questions

Frequently asked questions

When is International Day of Banks?

4 December The stored recurrence guidance is: 4 December.

Does International Day of Banks fall on the same date every year?

The authority record classifies it as fixed annual, so its month and day are reusable unless stronger evidence changes the rule.

Is International Day of Banks an official public holiday?

The authority record verifies it within this scope: United Nations / international observance. That recognition does not by itself make it a statutory public holiday; the site only makes public-holiday claims when the supporting authority record explicitly does so.

Who established or recognizes International Day of Banks?

The reviewed provenance layer identifies United Nations General Assembly as the proclaiming or establishing body. The proposer or originator is recorded separately as Bahrain, Egypt, Kazakhstan and Nigeria.

Is International Day of Banks international or country-specific?

The record has international or global institutional scope: United Nations / international observance. That does not mean every country treats the date as a public holiday or observes it in the same way.

How is this page verified?

The factual layer is source-backed and keeps its date rule, scope, provenance and editorial guardrails attached to the authority record. This record was checked on 2026-09-05.

When was International Day of Banks established?

The UN General Assembly adopted resolution A/RES/74/245 on 19 December 2019.

Who proposed the Day?

The establishing draft resolution was submitted by Bahrain, Egypt, Kazakhstan and Nigeria, with additional sponsors later joining it.

Is the Day mainly about commercial banking?

No. The establishing UN framework emphasizes the role of development banks and banking systems in financing sustainable development and improving living standards.

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