Verified observance guide
Source-backedReviewed guideFixed Annual

International Equal Pay Day

A/RES/74/142

Research briefVerified essentials at a glance
Source-backed
Date / rule18 September
Recurrence modelFixed Annual
Verified scopeUnited Nations international observance
Last authority check2026-09-05

A/RES/74/142

This authority record treats the observance as a fixed annual date. The same month and day can be reused unless a stronger source changes the rule. Public-holiday or government status is never inferred from the observance name alone.

Next safely resolved occurrenceFriday, September 18, 2026Date guide →
Reviewed guide

Overview

International Equal Pay Day is observed on 18 September to promote the principle of equal pay for work of equal value and to keep pay equity visible in public policy, workplaces and economic participation.

The United Nations established the annual observance in 2019, with the first International Equal Pay Day marked on 18 September 2020.

Reviewed guide

Why it matters

Equal pay for work of equal value is broader than comparing two identical job titles. It asks whether work requiring comparable skill, responsibility, effort and working conditions is valued fairly without discrimination.

The observance is also a useful point for examining structural factors that contribute to pay gaps, including occupational segregation, unequal access to advancement and the distribution of unpaid care responsibilities.

Reviewed guide

History

On 11 July 2019, the UN Human Rights Council adopted resolution 41/14 on equal pay and recommended declaring an International Equal Pay Day.

The UN General Assembly adopted resolution A/RES/74/142 on 18 December 2019, proclaiming 18 September as International Equal Pay Day and calling for annual observance beginning in 2020.

The first International Equal Pay Day was observed on 18 September 2020.

Institutional timeline

How the observance developed

This timeline is assembled only from verified provenance fields. Missing stages are omitted rather than inferred.

  1. Origin / proposal

    United Nations Human Rights Council

    Human Rights Council resolution 41/14 of 11 July 2019 recommended that the General Assembly declare an International Equal Pay Day.

  2. Establishment

    United Nations General Assembly

    UN General Assembly resolution A/RES/74/142

  3. First observance

    First documented observance

    UN Secretary-General and UN system material identify 18 September 2020 as the first International Equal Pay Day.

Institutional record

What the evidence establishes

Evidence & sources ↓

Verified institutional roles and milestones are shown first. Fields that the reviewed sources do not establish remain fail-closed and are available below without competing with the confirmed record.

Originator / proposerUnited Nations Human Rights CouncilHuman Rights Council resolution 41/14 of 11 July 2019 recommended that the General Assembly declare an International Equal Pay Day.
Proclaiming / establishing bodyUnited Nations General AssemblyThe General Assembly proclaimed 18 September as International Equal Pay Day through A/RES/74/142.
Original establishing instrument / decisionUN General Assembly resolution A/RES/74/142A/RES/74/142 is the establishing General Assembly resolution for International Equal Pay Day.
Original instrument adoption / decision date18 December 2019The UN Digital Library records A/RES/74/142 as adopted without a vote at the 50th plenary meeting on 18 December 2019.
First observance18 September 2020UN Secretary-General and UN system material identify 18 September 2020 as the first International Equal Pay Day.
4 fields not established in reviewed sources
Current facilitator / coordinatorNo single current facilitator is established in the reviewed first-party sources; this field remains fail-closed rather than inferred.
Former nameNo former name is established in the reviewed first-party sources; this field remains fail-closed rather than inferred.
Former dateNo former observance date is established in the reviewed first-party sources; this field remains fail-closed rather than inferred.
Why this exact date?No institutional rationale for choosing 18 September is established in the reviewed first-party sources; this field remains fail-closed rather than inferred.
Evidence hierarchyHigh confidence
3 Primary institutional / legal1 Supporting context
Open the consolidated evidence list ↓
Reviewed guide

Ways to observe

01

Review an organization’s pay bands, promotion criteria and job-evaluation process for consistency and transparency where you are authorized to do so.

02

Learn the difference between an overall gender pay gap and an individual equal-pay claim before interpreting workplace statistics.

03

Discuss how recruitment, promotion, caregiving responsibilities and occupational segregation can affect long-term earnings.

04

Use official labour, statistical or equality-body data when comparing pay patterns across occupations or countries.

05

For an individual dispute, check the law and complaint process that applies in the relevant jurisdiction rather than relying on a global observance page as legal advice.

Reviewed guide

Useful facts

Fact 01

International Equal Pay Day is observed on 18 September.

Fact 02

UN Human Rights Council resolution 41/14 recommended declaration of an International Equal Pay Day in July 2019.

Fact 03

The UN General Assembly established the observance through A/RES/74/142 on 18 December 2019.

Fact 04

The first International Equal Pay Day was observed on 18 September 2020.

Fact 05

The observance focuses on equal pay for work of equal value and broader progress toward pay equity.

Classification

Topic and context

Community, Causes & Advocacy →
Accuracy controls

What this page does not assume

  • Keep the source-defined country, community, organizer or institutional scope; do not silently broaden it.
  • Do not treat the title alone as proof of government recognition or public-holiday status.
  • Do not add a creator, founding story or origin claim unless the supporting evidence establishes it.
Evidence

Evidence & sources

Source policy →

Repeated links from the authority record, institutional provenance and editorial guide research are consolidated here. Badges show how each source is used; a contextual source is never treated as proof of establishment on its own.

Questions & connections

Understand it, compare it, then explore further

Start with the most common factual questions, then use reviewed distinctions and related authority records to understand where this observance fits.

Reader questions

Frequently asked questions

When is International Equal Pay Day?

18 September The stored recurrence guidance is: 18 September.

Does International Equal Pay Day fall on the same date every year?

The authority record classifies it as fixed annual, so its month and day are reusable unless stronger evidence changes the rule.

Is International Equal Pay Day an official public holiday?

The authority record verifies it within this scope: United Nations international observance. That recognition does not by itself make it a statutory public holiday; the site only makes public-holiday claims when the supporting authority record explicitly does so.

Who established or recognizes International Equal Pay Day?

The reviewed provenance layer identifies United Nations General Assembly as the proclaiming or establishing body. The proposer or originator is recorded separately as United Nations Human Rights Council.

Is International Equal Pay Day international or country-specific?

The record has international or global institutional scope: United Nations international observance. That does not mean every country treats the date as a public holiday or observes it in the same way.

How is this page verified?

The factual layer is source-backed and keeps its date rule, scope, provenance and editorial guardrails attached to the authority record. This record was checked on 2026-09-05.

When is International Equal Pay Day?

It is observed every year on 18 September.

Who established International Equal Pay Day?

The UN General Assembly proclaimed it through resolution A/RES/74/142 in December 2019, following a Human Rights Council recommendation earlier that year.

Does a pay gap statistic prove unlawful discrimination?

Not by itself. Aggregate pay gaps and individual legal equal-pay claims are different questions, and legal standards vary by jurisdiction.

Explore further

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