Reusable frameworks

4 Reporting Verbs Templates

Start with structure, then replace every placeholder with information that is true, relevant, and natural for your context. These templates are intentionally skeletal so your final writing does not sound mass-produced.

Use the framework

How to personalize a template

Accurate reporting verbs preserve the source’s actual stance and evidence strength, helping writers avoid converting a suggestion into proof or a descriptive observation into a causal conclusion.

  1. 1
    Choose the template closest to your actual purpose.
  2. 2
    Replace every bracketed field with specific information.
  3. 3
    Delete any sentence that does not belong in your situation.
  4. 4
    Read the result aloud for unnatural transitions or repeated phrasing.
  5. 5
    Verify names, dates, links, facts, and promises before sending or publishing.
Reporting Verbs Template 1
Finding: [Author/study] finds/reports/observes [result].
Reporting Verbs Template 2
Argument: [Author] argues/contends/proposes that [claim].
Reporting Verbs Template 3
Caution: [Author] cautions/notes that [limitation].
Reporting Verbs Template 4
Uncertain inference: [Evidence] suggests/indicates [bounded interpretation], rather than proves [overstated claim].